Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy -
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is the capital of Kamchatka peninsula. It has celebrated its 265 years in 2005.
The history of the town began in 1740.
In the Avacha bay, on the shores of sacred Peter and sacred Paul was built a settlement.
Now, this is the biggest town on the peninsula.
All participants of the Great Northern expedition in one voice told that the Avacha bay is the most convenient bay they had ever seen.
Petropavlovsk is the oldest town of Russian Far East.
The Great Northern expedition of Vitus Bering, Chirikov, exploring of Alaska, Kamchatka, Aleutian islands, Chukotka, Kurill islands, Japan, all are the great world events. Kamchatkas voyages of Kranitsin and Levashov, realizing a transatlantic project of Lomonosof, Shelihov, who was based a Russian-American company.
The great explorers of a great Pacific Ocean like J. Cook and F. Laperuz, deplomatic mission to Japan and America.
Geographic expeditions of Billings and Saritchev.
The leader of Kamchatka P.I. Rikort and the king of Hawaii Tameamea, admiral Zavoiko and the heroic defence of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky on 1854
Pacific voyages of Makarov on the board of "Vityaz".
The rescue of Chelyuskin and transcontinetal flight of "Strana Sovetov".
The history of 265s Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky saw the times of rise and down.
Just in the year of its foundation here building works began and as early as 1741 Krasheninnikov S. wrote, that Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski consisted of "good houses with gorgeous construction of Kamchatka dispatch office and a church".
But after the edict of 1743 about the end of Bering's second expedition was issued, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski,as bottom, ceased its development and began to fall into decay.
But even at the worst time, when rebuilt and newly refortified town "as the historical fates decree" again buried in desolation, even at that time Russian persons of keen intellect stood up for selflessly
the necessity of the revival of the town as Russia's outpost on Russia's Pacific boundaries.
And the town arose again, keeping thankfully in its memory names of Sarychev G.A., Kruzenshtern I.F., Golovnin V.M., Rickord P.I., Langsdorf G.I., Muraviev N.N., Zavoiko V.S,, Silnitskiy A.P. - the names of those, who foresaw important future of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski.
But nevertheless Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski developed bit by bit. It was favored with its convenient position/location as intermediate base between Okhotsk, where vessels were built and equipped and northern trade area of the Pacific Ocean.
What did Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski present as military object?
By the outlet of the Avacha bay was a lighthouse, from which one kept a look-out for water.
The port was protected with a battery, consisting of 10 little caliber cannons.
In Kamchatka's history there was an unbelievably terrible time, when large peninsula detached from other country area could share the fate of
Russian America.
Just at that time by Lenin's proposal motion Russia racked with civil war could run the blockade, extending a helping hand to Kamchatka.
Notably, that just through Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski regular units of Red Army, which with help of Kamchatka's volunteers launched the last storm of White Guard moved advanced deep into the peninsula.
Slowly improving Soviet Russia never forget its faraway borders.
In 1923 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy consisted just of 3 streets with population about 1,5 thousand people.
Just in 1928 new history of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski with development of fishing and industrial plants began.
At the end of twenties AKO (Kamchatka's joint-stock company), the first peninsula "sovnarhoz" (Soviet national economy) was found to ensure complex social economic development of Kamchatka.
AKO- town with unforgettable for many old residents central office building, built on the northern bank of the lake Kultuchnoye lake,
at depths heart of AKO-town many principal branches of the peninsula, first of all, fishing and ship repairing industries, sea transport occurred and later took shape as independent branches of the peninsula.
And if hitherto Petropavlosk - port had been visited mainly and principally by foreign ships, then 5 years later good part of all ships coming into the town were Russian.
It was the time, when the Avacha bay and environing bays were full with herring and fat wool of well-known Kamchatka salmon tore river and sea sweep-nets.
It was the time, when the first wave of fisherman staff, young fishers from Kaspiy, Black sea, Azov fishing with smell of Astrakhan steppes and melodious Tavria pronunciation.
But just at the time of the war Petropavlovsk working for Front could establish experienced fishing staff, which at the end of fifties took upon itself swiftly developing trade fleet.
But fishing wasn't the only way of living for the capital of the fishing region, just at that time
at the end of fifties huge liner "Sovetskiy Souz" bound with express line Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski and Vladivostok ports, and air liner "Tu-104" started high-speed communication between Kamchatka and Moscow.
With expansion of industrial building the town was growing not only in the centre, but on the expense of village joining.
Till in 1937 the outermost houses of the town on the bank in the direction to the Pacific Ocean were "Fleete House" and "Regional Executive Committee" (of Soviets of People's Deputies) buildings
From these houses to the ship-repairing yard the way ran on the paths above the bay, trough the forest where one could meet bears coming out to fish on the bank.
The town, in the central part of which stands Vitus Bering's monument, has become today an important port, industrial and scientific centre of Kamchatka.
It is situated very picturesquely- with a view to volcanoes.
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